Furnace construction



Feb. 5, 1935. L. H. HOSBEIN FURNACE OONSTRUCTICSN Filed May 31 1932 v 2Sheets-Sheet 1 lime/270 051782272 Feb. 5, 1935. L. H. HOSBEIN FURNACECONSTRUCTION Filed May 193 2 Sheets-s 2 Patented Feb. 5, 1935 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE 1,990,185 1 FURNACE CONSTRUCPTION Louis H. Hosbein,Glencoe, 111., assignor to M. H.

Detrick Company, Chicago,

of Illinois 111., a corporation Application May 31, 1932, Serial No.614,341

In Germany February 1, 1932 Y 19 Claims. (Cl. 72-101) This inventionrelates to furnace wall construction and has to doparticularly with awall structure of the type wherein the refractories, which constitutethe portion of the wall which is exposed directly to the furnace heat,are supported on an external metallic framework.

One of the objects of the invention is the provision of a furnace wallstructure which is particularly qualified for use in close associationwith boiler tubes or the like, or other heat-transfer surfaces, where itis desired to minimize the loss of heat by conduction through the walland where the refractories are not subjected to extremely hightemperatures.

A more general object of the, invention is the provision of aneconomical furnace wall structure wherein the refractories aredefinitely secured in place and supported on an external framework insuch fashion as to relieve the refractories of heavy cumulative loading.T

Another general object is the provision of a furnace wall constructionwhich may be assembled entirely from the outside of the furnace, andwherein refractories may be removed and replaced, in any portion of thewall, entirelyfrom the outside of the furnace and without involving thedismantling ofportions of the refractory wall other than those in whichit is desired to substitute new refractories.

Another object is the provision of a framesupported furnace wallstructure which may be dismantled in any of various localized portionsentirely from the outside of the furnace, to affcrd access to boilerportions or other parts of the installation located within the furnacechamber, and which, upon such localized dismantling, will afford liberalaccess space for working upon the interiorly associated portions of theboiler or furnace apparatus.

Yet another object is the provision of an economical furnace wallstructure wherein the refractory wall portion is supportedsectionally-on an external framework and wherein the refractory wallportion may be built up throughout of refractories of uniform size andshape.

A further object is the provision of an improved furnace wall structurehaving an external sheathing, as of metal plate, which may be assembledwith facility and which may 'be made up of standardized orinterchangeable parts of such character as to avoid necessity forspecial fitting or shaping on the job, which allows a desiredlatitude asto fit. and which presents a.

finished and workmanlike appearance. Other and further objects andadvantages ,tion a portion of the structure at a horizontal theinvention will be pointed out or indicated hereinafter, orwill beapparent to one skilled in the art upon an understanding of theinvention I or its employment in v For the purpose of aiding inexplanation of the invention, I show in the accompanying drawingsforming a part of this specification, and hereinafter describe, certainstructural forms in which it may be embodied, but it is to be understoodthat these, and the various details and components thereof, arepresented entirely for purpose of illustration, and that the examplesherein shown and described are not to be interpreted in any fashioncalculated to limit the appended claims short of the true and mostcomprehensive scope of the invention in the art. I

In said drawings,

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a partially erected portion of a furnacewall structure embodying the invention, the view being taken from theinterior side of the. wall; I

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of a portion of a wall structure, thesection being taken transversely of the wall;

Fig. 3 is, a perspective view ofa partly assembled portion of a furnacewall embodying the invention, the view being taken from, a positionoutside the wall;

Fig. 4 is a detail illustrating in sectional elevacasing-joint;

Fig. 5 is a detail illustrating in cross, or horzontal, section aportion of the structure at one of the vertical frame members orbuckstays;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional detail similar to Fig. I .5 but showing avertical frame member of larger relative size than that shown in Fig. 5;I

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional detail in which-the section is taken alongthe horizontal casing joint and through one of the vertical framemembers;

and

8 is a perspective view of a socket member. An understanding of thenature and characteristics of the invention will be most quicklyobtained from an explanationof the illustrative embodiments herepresented. Referring to the particular embodiments illustrated in thedrawings, let it be understood that the reference numeral 10 designatesvertical frame members which are arranged in a series along the side ofthe furnace chamber, and located" exteriorly thereof. These are hereshown as structural steel I-beams, and it is to be understood that theyare supported in upright position and func- 1 ports.

of the wall structure, marginal flanges 11 directed inwardly of the wallstructure, and an upwardly directed flange 11 on the upper flange 11 Thelength of the members 11 preferably is .such that they extendapproximately from center to center of the adjacent frame members 10,and they are provided with apertures adjacent their ends through whichpass the bolts 12 whereby they are secured to flanges of the memberswith the flanges 11 in abutment with the inwardly presented faces of themembers 10. The vertical spacing of the members 11 is such as to affordliberal clearance between them for reasons hereinafter pointed out.

At intervals between vertically adjacent members 11, socket members 14are mounted on the vertical members 10, being securedin place by bolts15 which pass through holes punched in the flanges of the members 10. Asillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, these socket members are iron cast.- ingsshaped to lie against the inwardly presented surfaces of the members 10,and formed with socket portions 14 adapted to receive and retain andportions of removable anchorage bars 16. These are here shown asstraight angle bars arranged with one flange in horizontal position andextending inwardly so as to rest upon the tops of the socket portions 14and with the other flange presented downwardly and seating in thesockets. Thus the anchorage bars 16 are mounted on the frame in parallelrelationship with one another and with the members 11, being securelyretained in position, but removable by lifting them sufllciently todisengage their depending flanges from the sockets. Abutment members 17are provided on the socket members 14 in such disposal that they willextend later-- ally beyond the flanges of the members 10 upon which theyare mounted. These abutment members are adapted for cooperation with thecasing plates, as hereinafter described, and, in locations where nosocket member is required, these abutment members may be provided byemployment of a, casting of the form illustrated at 18 in Fig. 1.

Mounted on each of the wall section supports 11 is a series of tilesupports 19, here shown in the form of hanger brackets. These are formedof a material adapted to withstand a considerable degree of heatingwithout loss of strength or stiffness, such as cast iron. Each has asuspension arm 19 terminating at its upper end in a hook 19 adapted toengage over the flange 11 of the member 11, and a strut portion 19adapted to abut the lower flange 11 of the member 11, together with abracket or ledge portion 19 adapted to occupy an approximatelyhorizontal position when the tile support is mounted on the member hasabove described. At its inner end, the ledge portion 19 terminates in anupwardly directed flange or lug 19 and a downwardly extending flange orlug 19. These tile supports fractories.

1,990,185 (tion as the principal load-supporting elements of The wallrefractories 20 are formed of fire clay, or other desired refractorymaterial, and are of generally rectangular shape, and provided withtransverse grooves 20 across their upper and lower ends adjacent theirouter ends. The vertical spacing of the section supports 11 is such thata plurality of these refractories, positioned one on top of another, isrequired to span the space between the tile supports on adjacent members11. On the tile supports 19 on each section support 11, is positioned acourse of refractories 20, the respective refractories resting on theledge portion 19 of respective tile supports, and

the lug 19 of each tile support engaging in the bottom groove 20 of therefractory with a loose fit and serving to prevent the lower end of therefractory sliding inwardly off of theledge. A tie member 21 is providedfor the upper end of each refractory. These tie members are made ofrigid heat resistant material, such as cast iron, each having a slendershank portion terminating at its inner end in upwardly and downwardlydirected lugs or flanges 21 and having at its outer portion thedownwardly directed flanges or lugs 21 spaced so as to receive betweenthem the upper flange of the anchorage bar 16. The vertical spacing ofthe anchorage bars 16 is at intervals corresponding approximately withthe height of the refractories, and the tie members 21 are rested attheir outer portions on the anchorage bars 16 and at their innerportions on the refractories 20, with their downwardly extending lugs 21engaging in the top grooves 209 of the refractories. Thus the respectiverefractories are anchored at their upper ends against inward or outwardmovement, the engagement of the tie lugs 21 against opposite sides ofthe anchorage bar serving to hold the tie member against shifting eitherinwardly or outwardly. a

The course of refractories which is supported on the tile supports 19constitutes the bottom course perimposed courses of refractories arearranged and anchored in the same manner. Thus each wall section, madeup of superimposed refractories, is supported by one of the sectionsupports 11 through the medium of tile supports 19. The refractoriesconstituting the top course of the wall section are anchored at theirupper ends by engagement of the depending lugs 19 of the tile supportsof the next superjacent section. The refractories of the topmost courseof the section are spaced somewhat below the ledges of the superjacenttile supports, so as to afford an expansion space between the sections.This expansion space is filled with a suitable compressiblematerial,such as a mixture of asbestos and fire clay, to seal the joint and toaccommodate-upward expansion of the subjacent section relative to thesu-perjacent section upon heating. As many wall sections as may berequired to complete the height of the wall may be constructed andassembled as above described, eacli section being thus supportedindependently of the subjacent section.

For the purpose of further sealing the joints between the refractories,"they may be plastered exteriorly with a suitable plastic material, and

for the purpose of minimizing heat leakage by -in plastic form, slabform, or flbrous form. Such insulating covering forms an effective heatstop between the refractories and the section supports 11 and framemembers 10.

For the purpose of holding the heat insulating.

material in place, if it is of fibrous or slab form.

and in order to provide a de'sired flnish for the wall structure andexterior protection for its internal elements, a sheathing is provided.This may be formed of flat metal plate sections .24, which may beuniform in dimensions, correspending in width to the space between theflanges of adjacent frame members 10 and in height approximately to thespace between centers of the members 11. These sections are supported attheir bottom edges on bolts 25 which are affixed to and extend outwardlyfrom the members 11 (see Fig. 4). They are positioned between the innerflanges of adjacent frame members 10, with their inner marginal portionsin abutment with the abutment members 17. They are secured in place bybattens 26 which are disposed in engagement with one another end to endalong the margins of the sections. The battens at the sides overlap theexterior marginal portions of the plates and the adjacent flanges of theframe members l0, and are secured to the latter by the bolts 15 whichsecure the members 14 and 18 in place. The battens at the top and bottomof the section overlap the marginal portions of the adjacent sectionsand are secured in place by the bolts 25. The side battens which spanthe horizontal section joints are formed with socket portions 26- toreceive and retain the ends of the horizontal battens, and with housingportions 26 to acconimodatethe ends and nuts of the bolts 12.

With the setting up of the nuts on the bolts 15. the lateral margins ofthe plates 24 are clamped between the battens and the abutment members1''! (and with the setting up of the nuts on the bolts 25, the top andbottom margins of the plate sections 24 are clamped between thehorizontally running battens and the flanges 11* of the sectionsupports11. 1 g

This assembly gives the structure a desirable flexibility whereby thevarious parts may accommodate themselves to slight changes in relativeposition, as incident to thermal expansion, without subjecting the platesections or the bolts to additional stresses. At the same time, allparts are retained securely inthedesired assembled relationship.Moreover, the parts are very easily demountable, as for the removal ofany particular plate section or any plurality of plate sections, foraccess to interior portions of the structure, and the parts are aseasily replaced.

Upon the dismounting of a plate section, the

exposed insulating material may be removed, and thereupon therefractories may be removed from 'the exposed wall section. The firstrefractory to be removed is one of the topmost course of the section.The tile support 19 which is above said refractory and engaged in itstop slot, is knocked port 11 until its depending lug 19 is clear of theselected refractory, said lug being moved into the top groove of thenext adjacent refractory. Upon shifting laterally the tie member'21which is engaged in the bottom groove of the selected refractory, andscraping out the joints around the'selected refractory, the latter maybe'removed outwardly. Then the refractories which-were at either side ofthe removed refractory may be easily removed by shifting themlaterallyinto the vacant space and withdrawing them outwardly. Subiacentrefractories may be as easily removed. .When an entire course of wallsection is thus'removed, the anchorage bar 16 which was at the bottomof'sai'd course may be removed as above described. By such removal ofawith section and its anchorage bars, an entirely unobstructed space ofvery liberal size isafforded for access to apparatus inside the furnace.The parts are as easily replaced by reversal of the operations justrecited.

In Fig. 8 one of the socket members 14 is shown in further detail. Itwill be observed that it comprises a plate portion having the socketportion reception of the attaching bolts. Above'and be-' low the innerportions of these slots are outstanding flanges 14 which are joined attheir outer margins by strap portions 14". The relationship of themembers 149 and 14 is such as to receive between them the head of thebolt which is inserted laterally through the slot 14'', and .to retainthe head of the bolt against turning and against longitudinaldisplacement. In mounting this casting on one of the upright members,one of the bolts is inserted in one of the holes in the upright member.and the casting is slid lateral y on that bolt to the limit of one ofthe slots 14". Thelength of the slots is such that this giv'esasufllcient clearance between the outer side of the other strapmember 14and the other bolt hole to permit the insertion of the second boltthrough the other slotl4 and through said bolt hole, whereupon thecasting is slid back to a center position, thus leaving the heads ofboth bolts under the strap members."

T What I claim is:

bination, upright frame members, horizontal members connected to thesame in vertically spaced-relationship, tile supports supported onrespective horizontal members in laterally spaced relationship to oneanother and shiftable longi-. tudinally of said horizontal members, saidtile 1. A furnace wall structure comprising, incom supports extendinglaterally from said horizontal members, refractory tiles resting on the:tile sup-- ports on respective horizontal members and constituting thebottom courses of respective wall sections, superimposed tiles restingon the-tiles of said bottom courses, and means removably engagin the.top and bottom portions of tiles in the difle'rent said" means beingheld against inward and outward movement and serving to anchor the tilesin the plane of the wall.

2. A furnace wall structure comprising, in combination, upright framemembers, horizontal members attached thereto at one side thereof in Ivertically spaced relationship to one another,

tile supports mounted on respective horizontal members .and extendinglaterally therefrom in spaced relationship to one another, lowerrefractory tiles resting on said tile supports and having anchoringengagement at their lower ends with said tile supports, superimposedtilesresting upon said lower tiles. anchorage bars demountably connected to said upright members between said" horizontal members, and tiemembers'removably v engaged with said anchorage bars having anchoringengagement with the upper ends of said lower tiles and the lower ends ofsaid superimposed tiles, whereby the tiles are anchored againstdisplacement inwardly or outwardly.

3. A furnace wall structure comprising, in-

combination, upright frame members, horizon .therefrom in spacedrelationship to one another,

refractory tiles resting on the tile supports. on one horizontal memberand constituting the bottom course of a wall section, superimposedcourses of tiles supported on the refractories of said bottom course andconstituting upper courses of the wall section, the refractories of thebottom course having anchoring engagement at their lower ends with thetile suppports on which they rest, the tiles of the topmost course ofthe section having anchoring engagement at their upper ends with thetile supports on the superjacent horizontal member, and tie membersremovably engaged with said anchorage bars and having anchoringengagement with tiles in the several courses.

4. A wall structure as specified in claim 3 and wherein the tiles areprovided with grooves extending transversely in their upper and lowerends and the tile supports and tie members have anchoring engagement insaid grooves and are by respective tiles may be freed from shif tablelaterally from one tile to another, wheretheir anchorage.

5. A wall structure as specified in claim 3 and wherein the topmostcourse of tiles is spaced from the superjacent tile supports toaccommodate upward expansion of the wall section.

6. A furnace wall structure comprising, in come bination, upright framemembers, horizontal members connected thereto at one side thereof invertically spaced relationship to each other, supports carried by thehorizontal members and extending laterally therefrom away from theupright frame members, refractories carried by said supports andassociated to form furnace wall sections one above another, a sheathingplate covering the area between adjacent upright frame members andbetween adjacent horizontal members, bolts connected to and extendingoutwardly from said horizontal members, and battens applied to the outerside of said plate section along its upper and lower margins and securedin place by said bolts to clamp said marginal portions of the platesection between said battens and said horizontal members; said platesection forming an external sheathing spaced from the outer surface of awall section.

7. A furnace wall structure comprising, in combination, upright framemembers disposed in spaced relationship, horizontal members connected tosaid upright members at one side thereof and in vertically spacedrelationship to one another, supports carried by said horizontal membersand extending laterally therefrom, refractories removably carried bysaid supports and associated to form furnace wall sections, abutmentmembers extending laterally from said upright frame members, platesections disposed between adjacent upright frame members with theirinner marginal surface in abutment with said abutment members, boltsextending outwardly from said horizontal members between the horizontaledges of adjacent plate sections,

battens overlapping the horizontal marginal portions of adjacent platesections and secured in clamping engagement with the outer surfacesthereof by said bolts, and battens removably se-'- cured to the uprightframe members along the vertical margins of the plate sections andoverlapping the latter exteriorly and serving to hold them in abutmentwith said abutment members; said plate sections being removable'upondismounting of the battens.

8. A furnace wall structure comprising, in combination, upright framemembers spaced apart from one another, horizontal members spaced apartvertically from one another and secured to said upright frame members,supports on certain of said horizontal members and extending inwardlytherefrom, refractories carried on said supports and associated to formfurnace wall sections, plate sections inserted between adjacent uprightframe members and having abutment with horizontal members, and battensdemountably secured to upright frame members and horizontal membersalong the margins of the plate sections and overlapping the latterexterioriy to retain them in position.

9. A furnace wall structure as specified in claim 8 and including alsoabutment members aflixed to the upright frame members and abutting innermarginal portions of the plate sections.

10. A furnace wall structure as specified in claim 8 and wherein thehorizontal members are provided with outwardly directed flanges againstwhich the plate sections abut.

11. A furnace wall structure comprising, in combination, upright framemembers spaced apart laterally, horizontal members connected thereto andspaced apart vertically, a refractory furnace wall supported sectionallyby said members to one side thereof, a sheathing plate covering thespace bounded by two of the upright members and two of the horizontalmembers.

outwardly extending fastenings mounted on said members beyond themargins of said plate section, and battens retained by said fasteningsin abutment with outer surface portions of the plate section andretaining it in place.

12. A furnace wall structure as specified in claim 11 and wherein theplate section rests at its lower margin on fastenings carried by one ofthe horizontal members.

members attached to the upright. members and extending laterallytherefrom, a plate section spanning the space between the uprightmembers and resting at its inner side against said abutment members, anddemountable securing means affixed to the upright members andcooperating with said abutment members to clamp the plate section inposition.

15. A furnace wall structure comprising, in

combination, upright frame members spaced apart collaterally, horizontalmembers secured thereto in vertically spaced relationship, supportsshiftably mounted on said horizontal members and extending laterallytherefrom, identical refractories arranged in courses one upon anothertoform furnace wall sections disposed one above another, the bottomcourse of each section resting on the supports on a respectivehorizontal member, tie members having anchoring engagement with upperand lower end portions of the refractories, and means demountablyconnecting said tie members to the upright members to hold them againstshifting inwardly or outwardly.

16. A furnace wall structure as specified in.

claim 15 and wherein said supports and said tie members are shiftablelaterally from one refractory toanother.

1'7. In a furnace wall structure, in combination, upright frame members,wall section supports carried thereby, refractories supported by saidwell section supports, socket members mounted on the upright members,anchorage bars removably socketed on said socket members, and tiemembers demountably anchored on said anchorage bars and having anchoringengagement with said refractories.

18. In a furnace wall structure having a wallsupporting frame and wallrefractories spaced laterally therefrom, socket members secured to theframe, anchorage bars removably socketed on said socket members, and tiemembers having anchoring engagement with the anchorage bars and therefractories.

19. A furnace wall structure comprising, in combination, upright framemembers, horizontal members connected to the same in vertically spacedrelationship, supports arranged on respective horizontal members inspaced relationship longitudinally thereof and extending inwardlytherefrom, refractories resting on the supports on' respectivehorizontal members and constituting the bottom courses of respectivewall sections, superimposed refractories resting on the refractories ofsaid bottom courses, tile engaging members removably engaging the topand bottom portions of refractories in the different courses, and meanscarried by the upright frame members and holding the tile engagingmembers against inward displacement, whereby to anchor the refractoriesin the plane of the wall.

LOUIS H. HOSBEIN.

CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,990,185. February s, 1935.

LOUIS H. HOSBEIN.

II is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 4,first column, lines 17 and 19, claim 3. for "refractories" read tiles;and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these correctionstherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this 11th day of June, A. D. 1935.

Leslie Frazer (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents

